Understanding Skin Tags on Dogs: A Veterinary Perspective

As a veterinarian, it's common to encounter skin tags in dogs. These small, benign growths, while not usually a cause for immediate concern, should still be monitored and occasionally evaluated. Here’s what every pet owner should know about skin tags in dogs, including their appearance, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options.

What Are Skin Tags on Dogs?

Skin tags, also known as acrochordons, are small, abnormal growths of skin that can appear on various parts of a dog's body. These growths are typically found on areas prone to friction, such as the chest, legs, and neck. While skin tags are generally harmless, having your veterinarian examine them during regular check-ups is advisable. Keeping a “skin journal” to track the location and size of skin tags can be very helpful.

What Do Skin Tags on Dogs Look Like?

Skin tags are often discovered during grooming or petting. They appear as small, soft pieces of skin attached by a narrow stalk. Typically only a few millimeters in size, they can be pink or darker in color and are usually mobile and non-painful. Skin tags can occur singly or in clusters.

Skin Tag Look-alikes

Several other skin conditions can resemble skin tags, including:

Ticks: These parasites can look similar but often have visible legs. If unsure, consult your veterinarian before attempting removal.
Masses and Cysts: These are usually more firmly attached and larger than skin tags. Cysts may feel firm or soft depending on their contents.
Warts: Caused by the papilloma virus, warts are slightly raised, completely attached to the skin, and immobile.
Melanomas: These malignant tumors can appear as black skin tags and require immediate veterinary attention for a proper diagnosis.

Causes of Skin Tags on Dogs

There are several potential causes for skin tags in dogs:

Irritation

Chronic irritation from friction can lead to skin tag development, especially in pressure areas like the chest, elbows, and knees. Collars and harnesses that rub against the skin over time can also contribute. Additionally, skin conditions caused by allergies can lead to persistent scratching and biting, increasing the likelihood of skin tags.

Virus

The papilloma virus can cause skin tag-like lesions, although it more commonly causes warts. These viral-induced skin tags may appear in clusters and are typically harmless, though antiviral medications can be used if they become bothersome.

Breed Predisposition

Certain breeds, including Boxers, hound breeds, bully-type terriers, English Bulldogs, and Pugs, are more prone to developing skin tags. However, any breed can be affected.

Real-World Example: Bella’s Skin Tag Journey

Bella, a 7-year-old Boxer, developed several small skin tags on her chest and neck. Her owner noticed them during a routine grooming session. During Bella's annual vet visit, the veterinarian examined the skin tags and confirmed they were benign. By maintaining a skin journal, Bella's owner tracked the size and number of skin tags, noting no significant changes over the next year. This proactive monitoring ensured Bella's skin tags did not become a concern.

How Veterinarians Diagnose Skin Tags on Dogs

Veterinarians can often diagnose skin tags through physical examination. However, if there is any doubt, a biopsy may be performed. A biopsy involves removing cells from the lesion and sending them to a laboratory for analysis to determine whether the growth is benign or malignant.

Treatment of Skin Tags on Dogs

If the skin tag is not causing any discomfort or issues, treatment may not be necessary. However, if the skin tag is bothersome or if there is any concern about its nature, surgical removal is the best option. This can be done under local or general anesthesia, depending on the size and location of the skin tag and the temperament of the dog.

Removal Techniques

Excision: The skin tag is cut off at the base.
Cauterization: The skin tag is burned off using heat or electricity.

Post-surgery, dogs may need to wear an Elizabethan collar to prevent them from licking or chewing the surgical site, which could lead to infection.

Recovery and Prevention of Skin Tags on Dogs

While it’s impossible to completely prevent skin tags, some measures can reduce their likelihood:

Soft, Supportive Bedding: This can minimize irritation from lying down.
Properly Fitted Collars and Harnesses: Ensure these do not rub against the skin.
Allergy Management: Treating skin conditions caused by allergies can reduce scratching and biting.
Clean Skin Folds: Use products like MalAcetic or Mal-a-Ket wipes to keep these areas clean.

Monitoring and Maintenance

Regularly check your dog's skin for new tags or changes to existing ones. Maintaining a skin journal to record the size, location, and appearance of skin tags can help you and your veterinarian monitor them effectively. If you notice any rapid changes or an increase in the number of skin tags, consult your veterinarian promptly.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: Are skin tags in dogs painful?

A: Skin tags are generally not painful. However, if they become irritated or injured, they can cause discomfort.

Q: How common are skin tags in dogs?

A: Skin tags are relatively common, especially in older dogs and certain breeds. They are usually benign and not a major health concern.

Q: Can skin tags be prevented?

A: While you cannot completely prevent skin tags, minimizing skin irritation and managing allergies can reduce their occurrence.

By understanding skin tags and taking proactive steps to monitor and manage them, pet owners can ensure their dogs remain comfortable and healthy. Regular veterinary check-ups and attention to any changes in your dog's skin are essential for early detection and appropriate treatment.